Reply to Hou: Central nervous system effects of TNF-α blockade
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Blockade of TNF-α rapidly inhibits pain responses in the central nervous system.
There has been a consistent gap in understanding how TNF-α neutralization affects the disease state of arthritis patients so rapidly, considering that joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition with structural changes. We thus hypothesized that neutralization of TNF-α acts through the CNS before directly affecting joint inflammation. Through use of functional MRI (fMRI), ...
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In the process of neuronal inflammation, an increased in inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) from immune cells (leukocytes and macrophages), brain cells (microglia, astrocytes and neurons) and in hippocampus, amygdala occurs. Raise the level of cytokines result in reduced in production of molecules that are related to plasticity, especially BDNF, IGF-1 and VEGF. Microglia ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 2011
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1107715108